Degree Date

6-2026

Document Type

Dissertation - Public Access

Degree Name

Psy.D. Doctor of Clinical Psychology

Academic Discipline

Clinical Psychology

First Advisor

Elizabeth M. Lane, Ph.D.

Second Advisor

Eric L. Rosen, Ph.D.

Abstract

COVID-19 is an evolving virus that can harm the body’s respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Directly related to COVID-19 are individuals who do not recover from their initial infection, making them long haulers. Long-COVID is transitioning from a range of isolated phenomena to higher prevalence rates in patients who contracted COVID-19. Many individuals report issues with cognitive function, referred to as ‘brain fog’, that affect memory, attention, and even language skills. This literature review addresses the available research on Long-COVID and how persistent infection correlates with cognitive difficulties. It aims to explain the neurobiology of Long-COVID and how Long-COVID interacts within the brain. Subsequent chapters address how Long-COVID affects various brain areas, leading to neurocognitive issues. Finally, this review will highlight the different factors to consider when assessing marginalized populations reporting neurocognitive concerns. By synthesizing the available research on how Long-COVID affects cognitive function, psychologists will have a blueprint for navigating psychological testing to measure specific neurocognitive functions while also addressing the emotional effects of Long-COVID on people’s lives.

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